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Tropical Medicine institute "Pedro Kouri"
Collateral effects of lindane in children
with pediculosis
SUMMARY
The collateral effects of lindane in children
with pediculosis were reported. 551 students of primary were put under
treatment, and he was observed 2.54 % of them with adverse reactions the
medicine. It was recommended to elevate the knowledge on this
parasitación and to avoid the indiscriminate use of chemical substances
and other products to eliminate the lice.
Description DeCS: INFESTACIONES BY PIOJOS/quimioterapia;
LINDANE/efectos adverse; SCHOOLS; BOY.
With the objective to diminish the parasitación by
Pediculus capitis , and to detect the collateral effects of
lindane 1 %, 551 children between 7 and 14 years were put under
treatment, coming from 3 schools of the municipality Seat of the
Revolution, that were positive to this infestación. Previous to the
treatment one asked for in writing the authorization of the parents, as
well as information on possible sufferings of his children. A single
application of lindane was made, and the 8 head later washed h,
according to the established thing.
During the treatment made in the schools, by the
enabled personnel of health to apply it, the measures necessary were
taken to avoid the contact of the pediculicida with the eyes and the
skin. The children were later observed during the treatment and 1 h.
Later they were sent to his homes and the following day they visited
themselves, to know verbal form by the parents the state of health the
return of the school.
The treatment was effective in 75 % of the cases,
and the following indirect effect were observed: 6 (0.95 %) of the
children in the beginning showed sensation of annoyance in the eyes or
during the application of the medicine; 2 (0.32 %) perceived
disagreeable scent, minutes after treaties; 3 (0.49 %) complained
headache; in 1 case (0.16 %) urticaria noticed and in 2 (0.32 %)
neurological affectations appeared. This last one happened in 2 children
of 10 and 12 years, and in one of them it was pronounced by means of
convulsions by epilepsy; according to his mother, in other occasions it
had happened to him the same. The other was asthmatic, allergic and
epiléptica and the same mother without indication, applied the
treatment. As consequence the girl presented/displayed an attack of
epilepsy by a greater time of the one than habitually it accustomed,
accompanied of cyanosis.
Some authors have indicated that lindane is
between insecticides of greater toxicity; 1 nevertheless was
frequents to find during the revision of the heads to detect the
positive, young cases that they maintained in the hair greasy of oily
composition, destined to veterinary use and whose main component is that
insecticide, with the only objective to prevent the infestación. The
oncogénico character of lindane has been mentioned by some authors,
the 2 like neurotoxic reactions that are able to produce in
children and adults. 2,3 Although in some countries its use
very is generalized, mainly in form of champú, Courtiade and
others raise that no adverse effect has been reported, 4 says
that the danger is in its unsuitable use. 5 one has commented
that the chemotherapy is the best and only method to control and to
eradicate the pediculosis, 6 but which is the consequence of
its use? The pediculicidas treatments do not solve of once, but that are
subject to continuous applications, directly on the people and in their
majority young. The routes are several through which the chemical agents
can damage and these treatments in most of the cases without facultative
prescription, she is one of them, 7 especially when they are
made in children and whose state of health is not good. 8 He
is frequent that the population without direction and sometimes without
obtaining results, uses a product or another 9 that are or it
is said are pediculicidas, and the affectations are not known that can
cause to the human. The affirmations on the importance of elevating the
knowledge on this parasitación agree with other authors. 10
It is necessary to acquire conscience and to
develop a strategy of fight against the pediculosis. The early detection
of the parasite and its manual control, avoid that discharges take place
infestaciones and therefore miniminice the use of chemical substances.
The most healthful method is the scheduled inspection of the head and
the manual extraction or with a comb of fine teeth of liendres. The
pediculosis is not a disease, but a ectoparásito that affects million
people 11 and is in the educational centers where it affects
more, reason for which requires of the joint fight of the personnel of
health, educators and parents to diminish and to eliminate the
infestación in benefit of the infantile population.
SUMMARY
The side effects of lindane in children with
pediculosis were reported. 2.54% of the 551 primary school children who
underwent treatment had to adver reactions to this drug. It was
recommended to increase knowledge about this parasitization and to avoid
the indiscriminate uses of chemicals and to other products to eliminate
lices.
Subject headings: LICE INFESTATIONS/drug
therapy; LINDANE/adver effects; SCHOOLS; CHILD.
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Received: 12 of February of the 2000. Approved: 6
of June of the 2000.
Lic. Natividad Hernandez Contreras. Tropical Medicine institute
"Pedro Kouri '". Section 601, Marianao 13, City of Havana, Cuba.
Electronic mail: ciipk@ipk.sld.cu
1 Added Investigator. Tropical Medicine
institute "Pedro Kouri '" (IPK).
2 Added Investigator. IPK.
3 Added Investigator. IPK.
4 General Medicine Specialist Integral. Policlínico
"Forbidden" Habana.
5 Specialist of I Degree in Clinical Parasitology, Hospital
Pediátrico "Pedro Borrás" Professor Asistente. Medicine faculty
"Commander Manuel Fajardo".
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